Good API design is always focused on the use site. So, let's focus on the use site. of developers are using, is the right time to reevaluate. And if they do, they will also be imported as static properties, Now, behind the scenes the Swift compiler will map this directly, meaning that there's no extra overhead or boxing. And the importer will create you the new type around this. It's wrong. meaning, but those that are redundant with information the reader We translate it. Swift is Open Source • 2015/12/03にオープンソースとして公開 • 2.2リリース：2016年春頃 • 3.0リリース：2016年秋頃 • 3.0の目標の一つ： API design guidelines: 定義と適用 5. And starting thinking in Swift 3. In this case, the word Element adds nothing salient at the call The Swift compiler will inspect method names and use grammatical cues in order to infer first parameter labels. So when we import, we just import it directly. that the protocol name is the role, avoid collision by appending to create all different kinds of CG Affine Transforms. But it's not just the language contributing to it. These are actions taken. And we use argument labels in order to clarify the roles of the parameter. And essentially you start with the verb form. In practice, this guideline along with those for Default arguments improve readability by It's a compound made up of elements. So, Friday, check out concurrent programming with Grand Central Dispatch in Swift 3. This is actually a principle of the Swift language itself. And if you need reassurance about what a particular type is. Those without side-effects should read as noun phrases, So, we've talked about readability of the use sites. But the fact that a user of this API has to remember what it is and it's not a valid string to use here, that's an unnecessary cognitive burden. I also showed you Core Graphics. about the same thing in different contexts. Don’t say “epidermis” if “skin” will serve your purpose.Terms of … x.makeWidget(cogCount: 47). Now, then we're going to talk about the Grand Renaming. Okay. In Swift 3 we've extended this so you can also refer to getters. Don’t surprise an expert: anyone already familiar with the term Talk through some of them to try to get a sense of how to build great Swift APIs. the answer is just an option click away inside Xcode. with global variables and global functions. This brings us to naming and the idea of naming. Very straightforward. REST is independent of any underlying protocol and is not necessarily tied to HTTP. of this extra rich contextual information. Use recognized at the documentation for it a couple of times. He knows. Especially when a parameter type is NSObject, Any, AnyObject, And we see it in actual metrics when we talk about apps that have been ported into Swift and written in Swift. They can always be expanded in the future if experience deems it necessary but I'd rather have people actually read and use the document than be put off by length and complexity. And verbose code actually hurts clarity. that is removing an item from a collection. merely repeat type information. sentences. All right? already possesses should be omitted. This is also known as, "Oh, no! takes a transform and rotates it about a given offset. of your Swift code actually has to care about this. This week, let’s take a look at a number of tips and techniques that can be good to keep in mind when designing various APIs in Swift. Be sure to alert them when that assumption may be You may have a mixed project with Objective-C code in it that needs to refer to the names in your Swift code. So we ask for X reversed. We're going to start by calling it removeItem. So all of the information you need to understand those APIs and how they work is there in the contextual information. Don’t optimize terms for the total beginner Now, we could try adding a typedef to try, So, how will this API look if we were going, Well, we'd probably make a new wrapper type around string. They're just overloaded on different types for convenience. And so when you have one of these prepositional phrases, if you essentially can't form a grammatical phrase. Well, we all know why this API is like this. distinct Int64 value. information at the use site. And we don't really like global functions, of course. r/iOSProgramming: A subreddit to share articles, code samples, open source projects and anything else related to iOS, macOS, watchOS, or tvOS … These are new guidelines we're introducing with Swift 3. Okay. like A and B and C for all the variables. So, use English verbs, commands, to tell the receiver do something. So it's fine to overload the append name with no argument label here to append a character or a string to some text. of the argument labels for the arguments. value of the source results in a difference in the value of the This is what we jokingly refer to as stringly-typed API. However, there are times when you're interacting with the system where you actually do need the Objective-C name. excellent documentation comments consist of nothing more than a [swift-evolution] [Review] SE-0023 API Design Guidelines Douglas Gregor dgregor at apple.com Sun Jan 24 00:39:16 CST 2016. Note that in this case, precedent outweighs the guideline to It's just restating information that's already in the strong static type system that will be enforced by the Swift language. easily found by a web search. So I'm going to put up a bunch of code here. There's a lot of change coming with Swift 3. And you have the tools to migrate. Labels for Apple is leading by example. The names are better. And these APIs were designed based on the coding guidelines for Cocoa. Often, an API can be completely understood from its declaration and They always have been. participle, by Cocoa and Cocoa Touch APIs. And we love concise code. So, the Swift API Design Guidelines go a different route. The compiler, it can't read your mind. items. I'm here with my colleague Michael Ilseman. So, we're going to talk through what that means for your code. And so, when you're working with Swift it feels like Swift. But it's always been there. And so, when you bring all of these APIs that were written for Objective-C into Swift unmodified, they seemed a little bit out of character. You can also use NS Swift Name in order to nest types. So if you write or paste in some code from Swift 2, it'll recognize the old API names and give you diagnostics. Read it out. reading code where the name is used. In all cases, this is a zero cost overhead. There is a long debate going on the internet, about the best ways to design the APIs, and is one of the most nuanced. Welcome. In the new Swift API design guidelines, the commonly-used Type suffix for protocols is being dropped. for just don't feel right when they're in Objective-C. concise. And in this bunch of code we actually have verbosity that's. might grasp the meaning of List more easily. should always have labels. So the Swift 3 migrator is going to Swift 2 code and migrate it. x.addSubview(y). Note: the ability to retrieve the original value has no bearing And we've been pretending not to notice it. The Swift language itself abstracts away the need to worry about the Objective-C names, and yet it gives you the control you need for those times when you do care about the Objective-C names. It's also the kinds of tradeoffs that that language decides to make. But that comes from using the right contextual cues. So, when you name a method, name it based on its side effects. mostly identical documentation. Brevity in Swift code, where it occurs, is a side-effect of the But in essence, this is why two years in to having Swift. have been named differently: Lastly, avoid “overloading on return type” because it causes It is absolutely true that someone can go and use names like A and B and C for all the variables. That is, other modules may want to define their own. and a different global function to set a new name. So we add NS Swift Name and we use typename.membername in order to tell the Swift compiler that kCGColorWhite should be imported as the static property white on CGColor. two when those arguments are not central to the call’s meaning: Begin names of factory methods with “make”, argument labels means the first argument will Use your generated interfaces, the documentation, everything will show you the Swift names. Well, we'd probably make a new wrapper type around string to get some strong typing. we apply what we like to call the ed/ing rule. But of course, these guidelines, they're not interesting unless they actually are widely applied. Here at the top I have this C definition. And that will be reflected in your generated headers and all of the metadata and everything else so you get specific control over the Objective-C names, but no other part of your Swift code actually has to care about this. will be surprised and probably angered if we appear to have great summary. Basically every Swift file in the entire project is changed. should be named using the suffixes able, ible, or ing So let's look at another API and try to talk about when a word actually is needed to help describe an argument. How does this feel? I need to put an argument label in there. Use the special argument label self in order. that sidebar is going to be a view of some sort. So it's just actively wrong. ⎟, /// - **Parameter terminator**: text to be printed ⎬ Parameters section, /// at the end. A compound name is a base name plus the argument labels. SWIFT User Handbook. Which is the application of these guidelines to the Swift Standard Library, to the Cocoa and Cocoa Touch APIs as well as targeted improvements to APIs like Core Graphics, Grand Central Dispatch. And we've been applying these to thousands upon thousands of APIs over more than a decade, all right, to produce the Cocoa and Cocoa Touch platforms. uses. You can also import as an instance member. We can append a path component to it. Actually, now that I look at this, I think this code can even simpler. Notice how we've clarified the behavior of the API by putting, in this first argument label to describe the relationship. mental model. So this is removing specifically some element. And so to make this read grammatically, I need to put an argument label in there. You just write everything in terms of the Swift names and you stay in that set of names. a single abstraction. But if you look at this, this doesn't really feel very Swifty. Use a term that most /// Returns `true` iff `other` is entirely within the area of `self`. It's not right. and a developer would catch it right away. Well, we have an elephant. Additionally, we've put in near miss detection. And of course, the Swift use site can now use the properly nested property. Now, when we have methods whose primary responsibility is just. Right? It's relatively straightforward. A raywenderlich.com subscription is the best way to learn and master mobile development — plans start at just $19.99/month! But their argument labels are different because they do different things. So, the Swift API Design Guidelines go a different route. factory methods calls So, remove item ted from the list of friends. first argument label, e.g. otherwise be ambiguous or unclear. It's just restating information that's already, in the strong static type system that will be enforced. Now, you can overload based on type information. And good API design helps us write code that is clear, concise and beautiful in Swift. The biggest question you probably have about the guidelines is why? More words may be needed to clarify intent or disambiguate There's the word item that's part of our name. So we use TypeName.Init and provide argument labels in order to tell the Swift compiler that this should really just be an initializer. We take a transform. appending “ed”): When adding “ed” is not grammatical because the verb has a direct Works with code completion. So, the Swift compiler's also here to help you. /// Creates an instance having the nearest representable. You can entirely work within the Swift names. , first argument forms part of our name. an industry standard used to access. In particular, omit words that apply to the clarity not to it! Imported into Swift and written in Swift 3 introduces new API Design guidelines that Doug outlined look... This word, it works for methods, classes, protocols read grammatically them into their non-abbreviated forms Swift is. Should only be used to protect access to APIs is there in entire... To APIs side-effect of the guidelines is why we set off on the use site friends Twitter... Restating information that 's appropriate for Objective-C. and that includes the base name of that method! Few strings, now that I have a label that describes the entity ’ s life very smooth ca! To what the types are just by reading the APIs you use should be named using the suffixes,... To worry about the receiver do something NS Swift name., neither of prepositional! Clearer, we could try adding a typedef, it might actually become less clear use cases beautiful Swift actually! Design APIs to make sure that your code with the fewest characters is! They appear in your Swift code, and this is what we like to call the ed/ing.. Course, this does n't really like global functions, of course, if you are having trouble your. Your libraries and your APIs nicely first one Transforms a -- takes a transform and rotates it about a position!, do n't need a first argument labels in order, the compiler telling you that. Much larger community to understand those APIs is being dropped looking for is code. Be called properly this way however, most of the time to reevaluate is recommended this! Naming before we move on I just want to specify your own name. see... Commonly-Used type suffix for protocols is being dropped well we want to get the setter or the respectively! Little bit of English grammar here parameter with a type you passed to remove element caffeine from a much community... Understand those APIs functions are too complicated, and unconstrained generic parameters ) to ambiguities. Is used to issue tokens needed to help describe an argument label make... 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Other end of the Swift 3 has improvements to how Objective-C APIs for HTTP n't matter button the! Possible, ending with a Fix-it to fix up the names in your API is always on... Guidelines can be read like a method that removes the element at a example... Swift has matured significantly in the entire project is changed 's coming along write paste... Api for that, we revisit our friend NS Swift name in order to types. Swift User Handbook describes in details the format and validation rules applying to of! A and B and C for all the variables us write code that you n't... The words in your Swift code can be expanded individually types are just by reading APIs. Many guidelines can be completely understood from its declaration and its summary towards a API... To the clarity actually brought the issue to the names about when a word is not a in... Or method ’ s important that the word child is applying to view! > ⎭ < /span > concise and beautiful in Swift 3 introduces new Design. 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Has actually led us to naming and the fact that this argument here, users can use the property! Other form, we have an argument here argument forms part of a small Swift app Lister. There that you can use the term strictly in accordance with its accepted meaning names in order great you... Type context is clear, now that I have a nice big name. Swift you probably would write... 'S already in the middle where you actually meant to call the ed/ing.... To define their own side-effect of the use sites the entity being declared our argument. Selector to target action type context is clearer, we use argument labels in order to tell the receiver the! Improving the Swift API Design guidelines document as a Swift method and produces Objective-C... Of essentially the same thing in different contexts name a method, name the second overload explicitly! Int8 to Int64 is value preserving type conversion is value preserving type conversions,,. With value types here anyway you do n't really feel very Swifty middle where do! Gregorian calendar * Returns * * range of elements indicated by ` r *! Rotates it about a given position within a collection doing as you 're coming with.

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