WikiProject India / Gujarat / History (Rated Start-class, Low-importance) This article is within the scope of WikiProject India, which aims to improve Wikipedia's coverage of India-related topics. Dholavira: Historical! Property names are listed in the language in which they have been submitted by the State Party. It is the larger of the two most remarkable excavations of the Indus Valley Civilization or Harappan culture in India, the other being Lothal. To understand the Indus Valley Civilization, we need to examine the evolvement of historical civilization. Read more about The Bailey, Dholavira; Dholavira Marketplace. It represents the ruins of an ancient city of the Harappan civilization that was inhabited over a period of 1,200 years from 3000 BCE through 1800 BCE. [Upinder Singh] a History of Ancient and Early - Free ebook download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read book online for free. The city of Dholavira was found to be very well-planned, divided into three stages to form a layered city with a lower town, a quadrangular middle town and a citadel. The publication of the Tentative Lists does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever of the World Heritage Committee or of the World Heritage Centre or of the Secretariat of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its boundaries. 20 km in nördlicher Richtung entfernt. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com, Banaue Rice Terraces - The Eighth Wonder of the World. The City of Dholavira located in Khadir island of the Rann of Kutchch belonged to matured Harappan phase. Globally, Dholavira can be compared to the cities of Ancient River Valley Civilization the urban metropolises of Egyptian, Chinese and Mesopotamian. The ci. Enjoy the attractions of this popular tourist spot. Criterion (v): The excavated site of Dholavira demonstrates the ingenuity of Harappan people to evolve a highly organised system of town planning with perfected proportions, interrelation of functional areas, street-pattern and an efficient water conservation system that supported life for more than 1200 years (3000 BCE to 1800 BCE) against harsh hot arid climate. As evident from the archaeological discoveries of several items here, it appears that the city dwellers were engaged in active trade with other civilizations of the time. To the north of the citadel was the quadrangular middle town having an area identified as the ceremonial ground or stadia. No one theory can explain the eventual abandonment of Dholavira. Quarters for important officials are located on the western side of the Citadel. Kampilya, transformed under continued habitation, the importance of Dholavira remains lie in its ability to illustrate planning and urban life in two distinct subsequent cultural phases of the Indian Subcontinent. Publications World Heritage Review Series Resource Manuals World Heritage wall map More publications ... Funding World Heritage Fund International Assistance. Dholavira represents the ruins of an ancient city of the Harappan civilization that was inhabited over a period of 1,200 years from 3000 BCE through 1800 BCE. Dholavira, being located in a protected area in Gujarat, also is safe from other forms of human interventions. The site is set in a barren landscape, devoid of habitation where negligible exogenous factors exist that could impact the property. The entire layout was well fortified with the citadel having the best fortification system as compared to the middle and lower towns. 'A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India' is the most complete textbook yet for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Archaeologists believe that Dholavira was an important centre of trade between settlements in south [[Gujarat]], [[Sindh]] and [[Punjab region|Punjab]] and Western Asia. The reason for the abandonment of Dholavira still continues to puzzle historians, but it is possible that the population underwent an eastward migration when harsher climate conditions on Khadir Island made life more difficult in the ancient city. Dholavira is an archaeological site of immense importance to India as it is India’s most prominent archaeological site associated with the Indus Valley Civilization. Dholavira in Kutch: Get tour & weather information on Dholavira. The lower city was primarily inhabited by the ordinary workers of Dholavira. Start This article has been rated as Start-Class on the project's quality scale. Photos of Dholavira, see photos of Dholavira, Gujarat by travellers. One of unique features of Dholavira is that, unlike other Harappan cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, the city is built almost exclusively of stones instead of bricks. land for industries, administration etc, as well as infrastructure like waste water disposal system, show the sophisticated urban life enjoyed between in this metropolis. Die Grenze zu Pakistan ist nur ca. It has a prolonged history of droughts, thus the Harappans were aware of the possibility of and were consciously practicing water management. Dholavira, located near Khadir Bet in the Great Rann of Kachchh of Gujarat, is an incredible example of the Indus Valley civilisation's towns. Huge stone drains can be seen in the city the directed storm water to the western and northern section of the lower town separated by broad bunds, creating in-effect a series of reservoirs. The water system of the city was also very well planned with 16 reservoirs and water channels that stored water or diverted water from nearby rivulets. Every drop of water was conserved to ensure survival. The importance of Dholavira`s planning was furthered with the excavation of Kampilya (the capital of South Panchala of Mahabharata), Uttar Pradesh, a city considered of mythical origin in the Gangetic plains. Another striking feature of the ancient city was its sustainable use of water resources. The property after excavation has been stabilized ensuring protection of its physical integrity. Few rooms have been found to have been built of dressed stone and in some cases show segments of highly polished stone pillars of square or circular section having a central hole. Bisht, the man behind the excavations of the ancient city, decided to stop further extensive excavations at the archaeological site in order to preserve the remaining ruins in their original state. 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Dholavira is of great historical significance as it represents the history of one of the world’s oldest civilizations. In the region, Dholavira can be compared to the other major cities of Harappan culture like Mohenjodaro, Harappa, Kalibangan, Rakhigadi, Banavali and Lothal. The expansive water management system designed to store every drop of water available shows the ingenuity of the people to survive against the rapid geo-climatic transformations. First, the citadel, consisting of enclosures identified as a castle and a bailey (by excavators), having massive mud-brick walls flanked by dressed stones. The site seen today is the partly excavated area of a settlement abandoned for more than four millennia. © UNESCO World Heritage Centre 1992-2021 The most imposing well was located in the castle and is possibly the earliest example of a rock cut well. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page. April 3, 2019 was a historical day in my life as I landed in Dholavira, a 6000 years old ancient village which was one of the six most important cities of Indus valley civilization. This is an exceptional find unlike any other sites, also suggesting that common people were versed in letters. It is a walled subdivision added during Stage III of the Harappan civilization. land for industries, administration etc, as well as infrastructure like waste water disposal system, show the sophisticated urban life enjoyed between in this metropolis. Water conservation of Dholavira speaks volume of the ingenuity of the people who developed a system based on rainwater harvesting to support life in a parched landscape, with scanty sweet water. With so much to lure your senses and offer you recreation at its best, get drenched in the spirit of adventure that you get to explore at dholavira archaeological museum, Dholovira. The Archaeological survey of India has started excavation for the first time in 1990 under the directions of Dr R.S. The urban order gradually ruralised and the eastward shift of habitation at a period of time when geo-climatic conditions challenged life in Khadir Island. Dholavira: Ancient history hidden away - See 198 traveler reviews, 530 candid photos, and great deals for Dholavira, India, at Tripadvisor. With its acropolis or citadel within the fortified area Dholavira remains the most expansive example of the Harappan town-planning system where a three-tier zonation comprising of a distinct upper (citadel, bailey) and middle (having a distinct street-pattern, large scale enclosure and a ceremonial ground) towns enclosed by a lower town (with narrower streets, smaller enclosures and industrial area (suggested by articles recovered)) – distinguishes the city of Dholavira from other metropolises of the Indus Valley Civilisation. Dating back to 4500 years ago, Dholavira Archaeological Place is one of the famous historical sites to visit in Gujarat. For all these reasons and more, the level of sophistication achieved by the people of Dholavira amazes the modern world to this date. The Harappans had arranged and set pieces of gypsum (a kind of mineral) to form ten large … Its scale of enclosures, the hierarchical street pattern and defined spatial utilization i.e. Exams all types Dholavira located in Bhachau Taluka of Kutch is one of the remarkable excavation sites of the Indus Valley Civilization or Harappan culture. The excavated remains retain the hierarchy and inter-relationship of spaces, street patterns, large cavities that were once the water-reservoirs and altogether illustrate the sophisticated life in metropolis of Dholavira. The Story Of The Asiatic Lion: Surviving Only In Gujarat, India, 10 Oldest National Parks In The United States, Largest Nature Parks In And Around Urban Areas In The United States, The Most Visited National Parks in the United States, 10 Ways Anyone Can Climb The Mount Everest Base Camp Expedition, The Most Beautiful Countries In The World. The latter served as a transition from the citadel to the middle and was accessed from the citadel through a grand gateway on its northern wall. Rain water tank: one of the large tanks partially carved out of rock and partially bulit by bricks with … There is also a possibili… Its importance lies also in the collective meanings it transmits over time. There is no availability of direct flight or railway connectivity to Dholavira. Although Dholavira is a significant historical site it is only well connected with a wide network of road from all over India. The high levels of architectural mastery and skills achieved by the people of this ancient city also baffle the world today. Notice that Dholavira, which is now inland, may have been an island in the mature Harappan period. … Figures - uploaded by Ronojoy Adhikari. This 47 ha quadrangular city lay between two seasonal streams, the Mansar in the north and Manhar in the south, and had three distinct zones-the Upper, Middle and Lower Towns and shows the use of a specific proportion, considering the basic unit of measurement as 1 dhanus equivalent to 1.9 meters. One of the most interesting and significant discoveries at Dholavira is the sign board found in the northern gateway of the city and is often called the Dholavira Signboard. 1 km südlich des namengebenden heutigen Dorfes in der Trockensteppe des Rann von Kachchh; die sich in der Monsunzeit auch in ein Sumpfgebiet, ja sogar in eine Seenlandschaft verwandeln kann. History plays an important role in getting a better knowledge about any country’s culture, traditions, beliefs, religions etc. Belonging to the Gangetic Civilization, which is considered the second phase of urbanization of the Indian, sub-continent, Kampilya adopted the town planning principles (in terms of scale, hierarchy … United Nations, Post-Conflict and Post-Disaster Responses, Astronomy and World Heritage Thematic Initiative, Human Evolution: Adaptations, Dispersals and Social Developments (HEADS), Initiative on Heritage of Astronomy, Science and Technology, Initiative on Heritage of Religious Interest, Natural World Heritage in the Congo Basin, Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape, Reducing Disasters Risks at World Heritage Properties, World Heritage and Sustainable Development, World Heritage and Sustainable Tourism Programme, World Heritage Centre’s Natural Heritage Strategy, World Heritage Earthen Architecture Programme (WHEAP). Its scale of enclosures, the hierarchical street pattern and defined spatial utilization i.e. The importance of Dholavira`s planning was furthered with the excavation of Kampilya (the capital of South Panchala of Mahabharata), Uttar Pradesh, a city considered of mythical origin in the Gangetic plains. The 5,000-year-old stepwell is said to be three times bigger than the Great Bath at Mohenjo Daro, and is described by The Times of India as the “largest, grandest, and the best furnished ancient reservoir discovered so far in the country.” Dholavira is an important site of Harappan civilization having complex system for collecting and storing rain water within several reservoirs. Such elaborate water conservation methods of Dholavira is unique and measures as one of the most efficient systems of the ancient world. There are numerous theories and controversies in this subject. Relying partly on rain-water and little from the ground a complex water system comprising of large rock-cut reservoirs, located at the eastern and southern fortification and rock-cut wells were developed. The Archaeological Survey of India is currently responsible for protecting Dholavira and preserving its ruins. Beyond the middle town and enclosing it and the citadel was the lower town where commoners or the working population lived. The 250-acre area of Dholavira sprawls across the Khadir island of the Great Rann of Kutch. The middle town was characterised by a network of streets with defined hierarchy, intersecting at perfect angles. The mosque reflects the pluralism of Islam while remaining unchanged in its ritualistic aspects. The site is part of the protected Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary in India. Ngôi làng này cách Radhanpur 165 km. Dholavira seems to have evolved into a sophisticated planned city, a trademark of the mature Harappan period, by 2500 BCE and it continued to be a great urban center till 1900 BCE. Like most other cities of the period, Mohenjo-Daro, Rakhigarhi and Harappa (city), Dholavira also had monumental structures, a sophisticated drainage system and gateways. Bisht, an expert archaeologist from the Archaeological Survey of India, and his team conducted a series of excavations at the site between 1990 and 2005. Author content. The site excavated over a period of time has been retained as partly exposed to avert deterioration due to weathering. The Karakoram Highway – the "Eighth Wonder Of The World"? Other objects found at Dholavira include seals with animal figures, grave like structures, stone sculptures, gold and bead jewelry and several hemispherical structures. The Tentative Lists of States Parties are published by the World Heritage Centre at its website and/or in working documents in order to ensure transparency, access to information and to facilitate harmonization of Tentative Lists at regional and thematic levels. Die archäologische Stätte von Dholavira liegt im Kachchh (Distrikt) in einer Höhe von ca. This is reflected in the occurance of several rock-cut reservoirs. ==Historical sign board== One of the most significant discoveries at Dholavira was made in one of the side rooms of the northern gateway of the city. The credit of finding this sign board with 10 inscribed symbols goes to ASI in 1991, by a team led by Prof. R. S. Bisht. Other articles where Dholavira is discussed: India: Other important sites: Also in Kachchh is Dholavira, which appears to be among the largest Harappan settlements so far identified; a nine-year excavation at the site completed in 2001 yielded a walled Indus valley city that dated to the mid-3rd millennium bce and covered some 3.5 acres (1.4 hectares). Dholavira is located on Khadir Beyt, an island in the Great Rann of Kutch in Gujarat in India. The sole responsibility for the content of each Tentative List lies with the State Party concerned. Regular buses only ply to and fro the city of Dholavira via buses made available by private as well as government companies like the Gujarat state road transport corporation. Dholavira Map. The middle town was again divided into various strata with hierarchical division of population. 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